Writing a Research Paper - Part 2 - The Library

You're getting ready to write a research paper. You've taken my advice and gone to the library. Now you are going find out how to use the library.

What type of library do you need? If you are a high school student you will probably use your school library, the public library, or maybe an academic library. A college student will go to the academic library at her college or university. But there are other kinds of libraries: private, research, specialized. You probably won't need them at this point in your research.

The library has many resources for research. Books and other media are classified and shelved by different systems in various libraries. The Dewey Decimal system is used in school, public and small college libraries. The Library of Congress system is used in colleges and university libraries. The Superintendent of Documents system is generally used for a government documents collection at a library that participates in the Depository Library Program (FDLP). If you don't know what system your library uses, ask a library assistant to help you.

Each item in the library will have a call number in one of the classification systems previously mentioned. Each item will have a unique identification number that is essentially an item's address. If you have a few moments, take a walk around the library and look at the different call numbers.

Libraries have catalogues that will enable you to find what you are looking for. Most are now online and not in the drawers we used in the old days. You will enjoy searching the catalogue by keyword, subject, title, or author.

What will you find in the library? Books, journals, electronic media, documents, pamphlet, special collections. Let's start with reference books.

Reference materials can not generally be checked out. These materials provide an overview of a topic including facts and statistics. Almanacsare annual publications with calendars, statistics, and useful facts. The World Almanac and Book of Facts is an example. Atlases have maps and charts. Dictionaries come in general and special versions. Encyclopedias provide the same type of overview and also will be all-purpose or specific subjects. The Encyclopedia Judaica is an example of a specialized encyclopedia.

Bibliographies are systematic lists of books and other works that cover a specific subject. Directories have lists of books, websites, and articles also on a specific subject. The 2009 Internet Directory lists websites, wikis, podcasts, forums, videos, blogs, virtual worlds and social networking. There are glossaries that define technical terms. You will find biographical dictionaries that are books or online.Who's Who in America has been in print since 1899. There many other reference books like poetry indexes.

We have looked at many different types of reference books in the library. And don't forget the nonfiction books and materials that are not reference and can be checked out. These are written by experts, such as scientists, scholars, and academics in a particular field. These materials discuss a particular topic in depth and provide citations to other sources on that topic. In the next article we will look at periodicals and electronic search media.

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Monster Amazon Crocs - Why Creative Brand Names Work Best

The most common company naming trap is this - creating a new business name that's accurate and descriptive, but utterly forgettable. And it's easy to see how it happens. Unlike real life application, naming is usually done in a vacuum -- with no context, no accompanying logo, web site or brochure copy. A group of key decision makers sit in a boardroom and toss names around in the air. And with no supporting cast, no background, no props, the good names often seem disconnected and even ridiculous. It's at this stage the mind wants to make sense of the names and without context, without supporting elements, it defaults to free associations from the past. This is what kills off many a great brand name.

Imagine a committee looking for a brand name for a new computer company. Someone suggests the word "apple."

"Apple?" the group reacts in shock and bewilderment.

"That makes me think of my mother saying 'One bad apple spoils the whole bunch,'" one committee member protests.

"It sounds like something fruity to me," claims another. "We can't be perceived as a fruity company!"

"And what about worms that get into the apples," a third member agrees. "And the way they rot, and how the juice gets sticky, and how..."

"All right!" the suggestee apologizes, curling up in a near fetal position, vowing she'll never venture another idea.

And so the group comes to absolute agreement that the name must convey what the company does. So the next set of suggestions seem right on target...

"United Computer Manufacturers"

"General Computer Systems"

"Quality Computer Corporation"

"Superior Computer Builders"

"Global Computer Worldwide"

The closer the committee comes to describing the "what" of the company, the more they become homogenized and blend right into the rest of their industry. They sound more like a business description than a brand name, and in doing so they obscure the very identity they are trying to create. They don't realize that the new company name will exist in a setting that helps define it, so that the name is free to evoke feeling and emotion. An apple is fresh, approachable, healthy, and invigorating. And so a company can borrow on the attributes inherent in a completely unrelated item to convey the way they approach its business.

So if creative company names are so much more memorable and effective than descriptive names, why is it that so many businesses make this basic mistake? In large part it's because we conditioned from childhood to conform, to be like others, and to follow the leader. As much as we don't like to admit it, most of us would rather follow an established trail than to blaze a new one. One of the first questions I ask potential clients is whether they want their new company name to blend in, or to stand out. Most adamantly say they want to stand out, but when stand out names are presented, the red flag goes up.

"I'm not sure," they might say. "These names are unique, but they're so different from anything in our industry."

And so it goes. The names continue to blend in until someone names an airline Virgin instead of Southwest. Or an online job site Monster instead of CareerBuilder. Or a massive online store Amazon instead of Books-a-Million.

Not only are descriptive names less impactful, they are more difficult to visualize. I can picture a Monster, but I have trouble picturing a Career Builder. When it comes to beach shoes, I can imagine a pair of Crocs, but not a pair of Keens. These vivid mental pictures provide yet another way to anchor the brand name in the customer's mind for easier recall.

Creatives names are also less restrictive. If you have a purely descriptive name, what happens if your company's core products or services being to change? How much additional advertising does it require for Burlington Coat Factory to convince customers they sell more than just coats?

Are highly memorable names the only way to go? No. Some small businesses don't have the luxury of a marketing budget and resort to literal names out of short term necessity. And there are other viable naming strategies that work well. But for those looking to build a brand name that will set them apart, and reserve more space in the customer's mind, then an evocative, memorable name is the way to go. Seth Godin makes a convincing case for memorable company names in his New York Times bestseller, Purple Cow: Transform Your Business By Being Remarkable.

So whether you name company after a river, a fruit, a dessert, a reptile, or even an odd color bovine, chances are you will, on a minimum, make a name for yourself. And once potential customers notice and remember your company, the rest is up to you. If you do your job well, you'll have a company that's not only memorable, but one that's unforgettable.

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What Is the History Behind Shredding Services?

A document shredder is a mechanical apparatus that is used to cut paper into fine particles much like confetti, or into strips. Document shredding ensures that sensitive documents are properly destroyed so that a third party is unable to read and use the document for criminal purposes. The importance of destroying private documents has always been emphasized for protecting organizations and individuals. Businesses have to ensure that sensitive documents do not fall into the wrong hands and individuals have to protect themselves from theft and identity theft. It is unusual that paper shredding took so long to become a popular practice as it is such a vital necessity for individual protection and protection of an organization. The history behind shredding services is an interesting story.

In 1935, Adolf Ehinger of Germany created a paper shredder that was derived from a hand-crank pasta maker. It has been reported that he used his shredder to shred his anti-Nazi propaganda. He later changed the hand-crank to a motor and sold the shredder to financial institutions and government agencies. Ehinger's company, EBA Maschinenfabrik, manufactured the first cross-cut paper shredders in 1959 and the company still manufactures paper shredders under the name EBA Krug & Priester. Abbot Augustus Low of Horseshoe in Piercefield, New York, is credited as the inventor of the paper shredder. His patent identified a shredder as a "waste paper receptacle" and was granted on August 31, 1909.

In the US, there was a dramatic increase in the use of shredders by the public and organizations of all types due to the Watergate scandal where G. Gordon Liddy used a shredder to get rid of evidence linked to the 1972 break-in at the National Democratic Party headquarters. Governments began to realize the importance of using paper shredders in 1979 when the American Embassy in Tehran was taken over by Iranian militants. During this time, highly classified documents that were being shredded were pieced back together with the help of Iranian women who were experts at Persian carpet weaving. Following this event, high security shredders were created to reduce security risks.

The Iran-Contra scandal that involved Oliver North is another famous historical shredder event. Oliver North along with his secretary Fawn Hall shredded documents that were linked to the Iran-Contra scandal. More recently, the Enron scandal and its volumes of shredded documents is another example of events that pushed the demand for document shredders by business, government, and individuals.

Today document shredders are made of efficient technology to shred papers permanently with no chance of someone putting the pieces back together. Their purpose is not to cover up criminal activities, but to ensure private documents do not fall into the wrong hands which could hurt an organization or individual. As well, Legislation such as the GLBA and HIPAA was passed to protect private financial and health information of American citizens. Shredding is now a common practice because organization and citizens have to protect themselves from malicious elements that are intent on doing harm. Document shredding is now a big business and you can find shredding services and shredding machines in just about every type of industry as well as in households.

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Technical Writing - How to Comply With Moral and Ethical Standards in Technical Documentation

Technical writing has a number of moral and ethical standards that a professional technical writer needs to comply with. Violate them at your own peril, by risking the sudden demise of your career. Here are some of these issues...

Plagiarism - Needless to say, copying and pasting other people's work is a reprehensible act. It's theft. You just don't do it. Period.

"Fair Use" and Quoting sources - However, this does not mean that you can not quote from other peoples' work within the bounds of "fair use." Done properly, quoting others actually acknowledges and honors the good work done by one's colleagues.

And this is how you do it properly: 1) Quote only up to 200 words. 2) Use quotation marks in the beginning and end of the quotation. 3) After the quote, give full credit to the author, together with exact citation of the source.

If you cannot remember or locate the exact words, you can always paraphrase a source by explicitly stating that you are paraphrasing him or her.

Copyrights - Be very careful about using copyrighted texts, images and multi-media files. Either get the permission from the copyright holder or pay for it before use.

Another alternative is to use non-copyrighted materials that are in "public domain" for one reason or another. You can for example search Wikipedia for such copyright-free public domain images.

Release Forms - If you are dealing with artists and photographers, it would help to have them sign a "Release Form" to the effect that, when you use their material the way you agreed upon, they will not press for any rights that are not spelled out in the Release Form. It is best to have such forms prepared or looked over by your attorney, just to be on the safe side.

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Learn Anything Online - Become a Quasi-Expert in Any Subject in 2 to 3 Weeks

Some believe that the Internet allows us to become an expert in almost anything we wish. In other words you can become a quasi-expert in nearly anything by studying, researching and clicking away online. Having become quite involved in searching the annals of human knowledge online, I have found that it is actually possible to do this. But if you do not believe me, try it for yourself.

Simply pick a subject, any subject and study everything you can find on the subject and take notes as you go. Search the online available research papers, eBooks, articles, reports, websites and blogs. Subscribe to newsletters, read association information and contact folks that are true experts.

Now you might ask how I can make such outlandish claims? Well, it is because I have indeed, committed myself to this lifetime of learning and I am constantly studying, reading, and searching online, yes, while I let the Discovery Channel in the back ground. Now that is a lot of learning going into one brain.

What I have discovered is that when I talk with the experts in any given field, I actually end up giving them information that is new, stuff they did not know about. Why? Well, because they are so busy working in the field that they often do not have time to stay up on the new stuff. Many people that have PhDs that are 10-years old, admit that they are of little value now, as everything has changed.

This is why Internet Surfers and online learners are often well ahead of the curve and up-to-date on the newest innovations in the industry and field. Please consider this.

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How Advancements in Technology Are Causing Obesity in Today's Children

There are times when I'm writing that I just stare out the window thinking. I have often observed young people walking down the sidewalk with ear buds in and text messaging. I get the feeling that this continues when the young person gets home.

Texting: I admit that I will text someone in the house with me rather than go and talk to them. That is usually because I am downstairs and they are upstairs. If I am doing that I'm pretty sure that kids are. Why get up and go to where a person is if you can text?

Too Busy: When my teachers gave assignments they had to keep in mind that we would have to physically go to the library to get information for any reports or term papers. That was calculated into the amount of time given for the assignment to come due.

That isn't needed anymore. In fact, schools are giving children as young as sixth grade iPads so they can finish their assignments faster. All the teachers think it's great because the children can learn more and faster. That's great... unless your child has five teachers that want a four page (word processed) report with bibliography inside a week. When is the child supposed to get exercise?

Instant Gratification: If you want to know something there are pieces of technology all over most of our houses that will help you do so. If you want to watch something you don't have to go to a video store. There are quite a few companies that provide what you want to watch from the comfort of your living room. The same applies to many video games. If you want to buy something you don't have to go to the store.

All at Home: Technology is great but it has some drawbacks. When it's too much effort to get up and go talk to someone *in the same house* technology is creating part of our obesity problem, especially with our children.

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Top 5 Tips to Writing an Oxford Brookes Applied Accounting RAP Thesis

Writing a thesis, dissertation, HND/HNC Business assignments or an Oxford Brookes Applied accounting RAP thesis is not really the easiest of things for most ACCA students, and as a result, they usually go for help from education consultancy services. However such a professional help comes with a huge price. Either way, when it comes to writing an Oxford Brookes RAP thesis, there are a number of things that you must keep in mind. Here are the top five tips that you must follow when it comes to writing a RAP thesis, since not only will they help you in getting a better score, they will also get you more recognition!

- Never Ever Plagiarize

Perhaps the most obvious thing that cannot be overstated enough is the fact that you must never plagiarise any single part of your thesis. A plagiarized thesis is unethical and thus doom to fail. There are many online plagiarism tools that are being used to find out plagiarized content, and rest assured, if you have plagiarized, you will be caught and held responsible for it. Moreover, it is likely that you will be disqualified and your thesis is rejected. Hence, I believe it is clear that plagiarism can never be an option.

- Diversify your references

Taking 50 references from the same book and using them in your UK dissertations or UK thesis is not a very good thing. Always make sure that you use a variety of references from different areas to let the reader know that you have done your home work.

- Write in a proper format

The Oxford Brookes RAP thesis has a proper format that can be found online. People interested in writing this kind of thesis must follow the format if they are looking to get a higher mark.

- Don't hesitate to get professional help

You can get help from other students, friends, or even teaching assistants and mentors affiliated with Oxford Brookes University who can give you more information and tips on how to create the perfect thesis. This will help you get important information about how to get the thesis done.

- Time to call in a professional

Not sure of how to go about your thesis? Well, you can seek help of a professional educational consultancy services who can give tips on getting your thesis or dissertation approved. At a certain price, you can easily get your thesis back on track.

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